第3章　GOCOシステムと技術移転
GOCO and technology transfer

Contents

A well-developed system of technology transfer highlights the importance the US attaches to commercialization of research wherever possible

A well-developed system of technology transfer highlights the importance the US attaches to commercialization of research wherever possible (Continued)

Technology developed using government funding can be “transferred” to the private sector through either direct industry research funding or leverage of academic / government research

Technology transfer policies and procedures refer to patent ownership policy (which determines the incentive for federally-funded research performed by industry/academia) and the transfer of federally-owned technologies into the private sector

Based on the belief that commercial entities would better commercialize patents, patent ownership has gradually moved into contractor hands, in particular as a result of the 1980 Bayh-Dole Act.

Mechanisms for leverage of government research into the private sector were largely established by the Stevenson-Wydler Act in 1980

For federal labs and GOCOs, the key mechanism of transfer is the CRADA, (Cooperative Research and Development Agreement) established by the FTTA (for GOGO) and the NCTTA (for GOCO)

Aggressiveness towards technology transfer policies widely varies across agencies. Especially, DOE has been, until recently, reluctant to conform with patent and technology transfer legislation

The CRADA concept took off rapidly, and began moving to more involved consortia-based joint research projects